This is a Notice of Availability announcing the official release of MOVES5, EPA's fifth major version of its MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator, for use in state implementation plans (SIPs) and transportation conformity determinations outside of California, effective December 11, 2024. MOVES5 incorporates updated regulations for light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles including higher projected electric vehicle fractions, new brake wear data, and expanded vehicle age calculations. EPA establishes a two-year grace period ending December 11, 2026, before MOVES5 must be used in new transportation conformity analyses; no grace period applies for SIP development.12