The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service issued a Notice of Intent to prepare an EIS for the eradication of nonnative rats from four uninhabited islands (Amchitka, Attu, Great Sitkin, and Kiska) in the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is a cooperating agency. Five alternatives are under consideration, including no action and three rodenticide-based approaches (brodifacoum, diphacinone, norbormide), plus a genetic biocontrol option. Anticipated impacts span seabirds, marine mammals, ESA-listed species, cultural resources, and aquatic environments. The draft EIS is expected in spring 2026 and the final EIS in fall 2026. Scoping comments are due November 7, 2024.1